Abstract
In recent years, the Courts, are increase their requests of forensic handwriting analysis which aims to analyze a possible auto-simulated signatures. However, research has focused mainly on the study of handwrite simulation in situations where a person intends to simulate the handwriting of another person. In this research, we study the auto-simulation of handwrite with the intention of avoiding a future legal commitment. The sample consisted of 121 individuals who perform their own signature and an auto-simulated signature. The variables of pressure, speed, legibility, and traits are analyzed. The existence of significant differences in pressure, speed and type gestures is found, being the auto-simulated signature less pressed and less rapid than the true signature and existing higher probability of occurrence of traits in the authentic one.
References
Anónimo. (1847). Fuero viejo de castilla. Madrid: Lima.
Antón, Francisco, & Luis, Juan Vicente. (2012). Policía científica Vol.II. Valencia: Tirant lo blanch.
Bardy, Gustav. (1936). Faux et fraudes littéraires dans l'antiquité chrétienne.
Blandon-Gitlin, Iris. ( 2011). Improving lie detection by increasing cognitive load: The effect of repeated questioning and individual differences. Paper presented at the 4th International Congress of Psychology and Law, Hyatt Regency Miami, Miami, FL.
Cicerón, M.T., de Oviedo y Portal, R., & Baylo, A. (1792). Cartas de Cicerón: En la Imprenta de D. Benito Cano, se hallará en la librería de Don Antonio Baylo.
Couture, Eduardo J. (1976). Vocabulario jurídico. Buenos Aires: Ediciones Depalma.
García, J., & Fidalgo, R. (2003). Diferencias en la conciencia de los procesos psicológicos de la escritura mecánicos frente a sustantivos y otros. Psicothema, 15(1), 41-48.
Gayet, Jean. (1962). Manual de la policía científica. Barcelona: Zeus.
Guiral, Maggie. (1927). La valeur de la preuve dans l'expertise d'écritures. Lyon.
Lara, F. (Ed.). (1982). Código de Hammurabi. Madrid: Editora Nacional.
Latierro, F.V., & Moreno, O.P.V. (1966). Grafocrítica: Tecnos.
Lengua, La Real Academia Española de la (Producer). (2014). Real academia espalola. Retrieved from http://www.rae.es/
Locard, E. (2010). Manual de técnica policíaca: Editorial Maxtor Librería.
Luria, Gil, & Rosenblum, Sara. (2010). Comparing the handwriting behaviours of true and false writing with computerized handwriting measures. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 24(8), 1115-1128. doi: 10.1002/acp.1621
Martín Ramos, Rafael. (2010). Documentoscopia método para el peritaje científico de documentos. Madrid: La Ley.
Pellat, Solange. (1927). Les lois de l'ecriture. París: Vuibert.
Ras, Matilde. (1942). Grafología. Barcelona: Editorial Labor.
Robles Llorente, Miguel Ángel, & Vega Ramos, Antonio. (2009). Grafoscopia y pericia caligráfica forense. Barcelona: Bosch.
Vega, Antonio, & Robles, Miguel Ángel. (2000). Grafoscopia. Identificación de escritura y firmas. Barcelona: Cedecs.
Viñals, Francisco, & Puente, Mª Luz. (2006a). Diccionario jurídico-pericial del documento escrito. Barcelona: Herder.
Viñals, Francisco, & Puente, Mª Luz. (2006b). Pericia caligráfica judicial. Barcelona: Herder.
Vrij, Aldert. (2008). Detecting lies and deceit : pitfalls and opportunities (2nd ed.). Chichester ; Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley.
Vrij, Aldert, Mann, S. A., Fisher, R. P., Leal, S., Milne, R., & Bull, R. (2008). Increasing cognitive load to facilitate lie detection: the benefit of recalling an event in reverse order. Law and Human Behavior, 32(3), 253-265. doi: 10.1007/s10979-007-9103-y
Walczyk, Jeffrey, Igou, Frank D., Dixon, Lexie P., & Tcholakian, Talar. (2013). Advancing lie detection by inducing cognitive load on liars: A review of relevant theories and techniques guided by lessons from polygraph-based approaches. Frontiers in Psychology, 4. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00014
Walczyk, Jeffrey, Roper, Karen, Seemann, Eric, & Humphrey, Angela. (2003). Cognitive mechanisms underlying lying to questions: response time as a cue to deception. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 17(7), 755-774. doi: 10.1002/acp.914
Walczyk, Jeffrey, Schwartz, Jonathan P., Clifton, Rayna, Adams, Barett, Wei, M. I. N., & Zha, Peijia. (2005). Lying person-to-person about life events: a cognitive framework for lie detection. Personnel Psychology, 58(1), 141-170. doi: 10.1111/j.1744-6570.2005.00484.x
Authors who publish in this journal agree to the following terms:
1.- If a work is accepted for publication, the authors acknowledge the transfer of printing and reproduction rights in any form and medium to Behavior & Law Journal.
2.- Furthermore, it is understood that the opinions expressed in the articles are the sole responsibility of the authors and do not compromise the opinion and scientific policy of the journal.
3.- Likewise, the activities described in the published works must be in accordance with generally accepted ethical criteria, regarding both work with humans and animal experimentation, as well as professional deontology. It is the responsibility of the authors to provide interested readers with copies of raw data, procedural manuals, scores, and, in general, relevant experimental material.
4.- The article will be distributed under a “Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International” (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) license. You can consult the summary and the legal text of the license here. The indication of the usage and distribution license, CC BY-NC-ND 4.0, must be expressly stated in this manner when necessary.
